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The BMW 123d EfficientDynamics |
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Page 2 of 2 Low weight, efficient combustion, optimised emission behaviour.
The BMW 123d is the third and most powerful diesel model of the BMW 1 Series. Like the power units featured by the BMW 120d and the BMW 118d, its engine is one of a new generation of four-cylinder diesel power units. Compared with the diesel engines of the previous generation the weight of the three new engines has been reduced by up to 17 kilograms. This has a positive effect both on fuel economy and the vehicle’s agility. Due to the low weight of the engines the new diesel models of the BMW 1 Series are provided with a particularly well-balanced axle load distribution.
The weight reduction is mainly due to the use of a new aluminium crankcase with thermally welded grey cast iron bushings. The significantly lighter aluminium case replaces the grey cast iron block previously employed. The cylinder head including the inlet ports has also been entirely reconstructed, The new design optimises both carburetion and emission levels.
Fuel supply to all of the new four-cylinder diesel engines is effected by a third-generation Common Rail injection system. The BMW 123d features piezo injectors that inject diesel fuel into the combustion chambers via a common pipeline and under extremely high pressure. For the first time a pressure of 2000 bar has been achieved, thereby ensuring particularly accurate fuel dosage and combustion. Due to the fact the fuel is injected in up to three stages per combustion cycle, the flame is distributed relatively evenly, a process that has above all a beneficiary effect on the diesel engine’s running smoothness.
Even greater efficiency with brake energy regeneration and Auto Start Stop function.
When designing the new four-cylinder engines engineers gave consideration to a number of features crucial to maximum efficiency. The redesigned combustion chambers as well as the optimisation of carburetion, combustion and air flow contribute towards a reduction in fuel consumption and emission levels. Moreover, ancillary components such as coolant pump, generator and air-conditioning compressor are located on the intake side of all of the new four-cylinder diesel engines. As all ancillary components are now driven by one single belt, a second belt system is no longer required. This again boosts efficiency as it eliminates frictional losses.
In addition to this, the new BMW 123d features measures within the engine’s periphery to reduce fuel consumption and emission levels. Likewise, these are the result of the long-term development strategy known as BMW EfficientDynamics. The BMW 123d also features intelligent generator management for brake energy regeneration, an Auto Start Stop function, a gear shift indicator and electric steering.
The brake energy regeneration system ensures that the battery, after reaching a minimum charge condition, is basically only charged during braking or overrun phases, the electric current being cut during acceleration. This means that higher engine output becomes available for BMW-characteristic driving pleasure, whilst both fuel consumption and CO2 emission levels are reduced simultaneously. The idea of intelligent energy management can be compared with the operation of reservoir power stations. There, low priced energy is stored overnight in higher reservoirs and recalled during the day to cope with peak loads. Translated into brake energy regeneration featured by the new BMW 123d, this principle facilitates energy-effective economic driving phases to be identified in order to buffer electricity in the battery and to feed it to the on-board electrical system when required.
The BMW 123d with manual transmission features an Auto Start Stop function that provides greater efficiency particularly in city traffic. This system automatically switches off the engine when it is not required. As a result, when stopping at a traffic light for example, fuel consumption drops to zero at that particular moment in time. When the driver switches to neutral and takes his or her foot off the clutch, the engine electronic system silently switches off the engine. When the driver depresses the clutch pedal again, the engine restarts. By maintaining charging pressure the engine restarts in no time at all and without the driver having to do a thing.
In addition to this, a gear shift indicator offers ideal preconditions for best possible fuel management. The engine electronics calculate according to the driving situation the most favourable time to change into the next highest gear in order to achieve the most economical fuel consumption. The driver is informed of the ideal gear change time via an arrow which lights up on the instrument panel and indicates the best gear to select.
Ancillary components function economically and according to requirement:
Additional fuel economising measures are effected automatically. For instance, the BMW 123d is equipped with an active control system for the air vents located in the radiator grille. When the engine does not need to be cooled, the vents are closed, resulting in a measurable enhancement of aerodynamics and a further reduction in fuel consumption. Moreover, a number of ancillary components function according to requirement and therefore effectuate better fuel economy. The Electric Power Steering EPS only uses energy when the steering actually requires assistance or if the driver desires. Consequently, no energy is wasted when driving straight ahead or when constantly driving round bends without additional steering movement.
In addition, the new electrically operated coolant pump is not dependent on engine speed, but temperature-dependent, taking effect only when needed. This is a further contribution towards increased engine efficiency. With a power consumption of around 200 watts it uses only approximately one tenth of the drive energy required by conventional pumps. Furthermore, the belt drive of the air-conditioning compressor is equipped with a clutch. If the air-conditioning is switched off, the compressor is automatically deactivated, thereby facilitating a reduction of the drag torque of the compressor to a minimum.
The BMW 123d: benchmark of driving dynamics and efficiency.
The numerous innovations in the field of drive technology incorporated in the BMW 123d document BMW’s outstanding competence in the development of diesel engines. A comparison of performance and fuel consumption data shows just how far the ideal balance between driving pleasure and efficiency can be taken. Therefore, with its outstanding performance in both disciplines the BMW 123d is an impressive example of the success of BMW EfficientDynamics. Being constantly true to the principle of increasing both driving dynamics and fuel economy with each new model, BMW produces vehicles that are modern in every respect. They do justice to the highest demands on the vehicle and at the same time convince through exemplary fuel economy and emission behaviour.
With an acceleration from 0-100 km/h in 6.9 seconds (5-door version 7 seconds) and a top speed of 147 mph / 237 km/h, the BMW 123d has taken the lead over its competitors. The fact that the BMW 1 Series is also the only model in its class to transfer drive power to the road via the rear wheels only strengthens its unique position even further. Never were the qualities of modern diesel engines more evident in a compact car than in the new BMW 123d.
In addition to the impressive high-torque performance, these qualities also include, of course, the potential of diesel technology in terms of economy – a potential that BMW’s engine designers have made use of just as comprehensively as they have given consideration to the sporting talents of this type of engine. The result is an average fuel consumption of 5.2 litres/100 km for the BMW 123d, based on the EU test cycle. Just how much this figure underlines the progress made in engine development becomes evident when comparing with previous generations of engines. Their most economical version endowed the BMW 1 Series with an average fuel consumption of 5.6 litres. In comparison, the new BMW 123d achieves an 8% reduction in fuel consumption, although with an increased power output of no less than 60 kW.
This impressive fuel economy is coupled with exemplary emission behaviour. With a CO2 level of 138 grams/km the new BMW 123d seamlessly takes its place alongside the range of models in the BMW 1 Series that boast particularly low emissions. It is surpassed only by the BMW 120d, which has a CO2 level of128 grams/km, and by the BMW 118d with 119 grams/km.
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